Institutionalization of Eurasian Integrations — Shanghai Organization for Cooperation and Eurasian Economic Union

Abstract

 Introduction: Contemporary international relations are increasingly undergoing a transition from a unipolar to a multipolar order in which the East, led by China and Russia, is building its own institutional and geopolitical mechanisms. In this context, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) represent key instruments of new regionalism and cooperation in the Eurasian space.

 Aim: The aim of the paper is to provide a brief analysis of the role of the SCO and the EEU in shaping the geopolitics of the East, with an emphasis on their institutional structure, strategic function, and impact on the redefinition of Eurasian space. In addition, the paper briefly discusses the basic concepts, origin, and development of international organizations as a theoretical framework for understanding the analyzed examples.

 Materials and Methods: The paper relies on secondary sources: academic literature, official documents of organizations, analytical reports, and relevant scientific papers. The methods of content analysis, comparative analysis, and a synthetic approach were used in interpreting institutional and geopolitical aspects.

 Results: The analysis shows that the SCO plays a primary role in security and political coordination in the region, while the EEU is a mechanism for economic integration under the Russian initiative. Both organizations have a significant role in strengthening regional cohesion and balancing influence, but at the same time, they represent complex systems that require continuous coordination and adjustment among their members.

 Conclusion: The SCO and the EEU represent institutional reflections of the geopolitical ambitions of the East in the contemporary world order. Although not without limitations, these organizations play a significant role in establishing a new architecture of power in Eurasia and contribute to the strategic positioning of China and Russia as leading actors in the formation of a multipolar world.